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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Sense and respond ： ウィキペディア英語版 Sense and respond Sense and respond has been used in control theory for several decades, primarily in closed systems such as refineries where comparisons are made between measurements and desired values, and system settings are adjusted to narrow the gap between the two. Since at least the early 1980s, sense and respond has also been used to describe the behavior of certain open systems called complex adaptive systems, or CAS. These are chemical, biological, ecological and cybernetic systems for which the functions, rules and strategies of the system emerge. Hurricanes, butterfly migrations, and chemical clocks are examples. The Santa Fe Institute has been a leader in studying such systems, and described sense and respond behavior as an iterative Sense–Interpret-Decide-Act cycle. Continued iteration through this cycle is a survival constraint for any system of any type. (“Decide” includes reflexive choices, programmed choices, learned and instinctual responses, and conscious choices). ==Sense and respond as a business concept== A business organization is a human system. It differs from the complex adaptive systems found in nature in a fundamental way: the agents in it can and do make conscious decisions to establish purpose, bounds, structure, governance mechanisms---and they can decide whether or not to accept the purpose, or follow the rules or act within the structure. Bees, daisies, hurricanes, cells and automata cannot make such conscious decisions….at least yet. The term Sense and Respond as a business concept first appeared in a 1992 American Management Association ''Management Review'' article by Stephan H. Haeckel. Originally a label describing a desirable type of organizational behavior, it evolved over the next six years into a post-industrial managerial paradigm, incorporating a set of concepts, principles, prescriptions and tools for creating and managing an adaptive enterprise. Developed by Haeckel at IBM’s Advanced Business Institute, it became a comprehensive, scalable and internally consistent recasting of industrial age strategy, structure and governance to cope with the post-industrial environment of unpredictable change. Sense and respond and adaptive enterprise are now in the business vernacular. It has been variously used it as a generic synonym for "agile," "lean," "flexible," "resilient," "near real-time," or to characterize adaptive technologies used in organizations (e.g. agent-based modeling, autonomic computing). But Haeckel holds that a post-industrial managerial paradigm is required to leverage and exploit such capabilities systematically and coherently, and that without the Sense and Respond managerial paradigm, the impact of sense and respond tools and methods will be limited and operational, rather than transformational and strategic. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sense and respond」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.